Fractures of the Hand and Fingers

Fractures of the hand and fingers are common orthopedic injuries that involve a break in one or more of the small bones in the hand. These fractures can affect daily activities such as gripping, writing, and lifting. Depending on the injury, they may range in severity from simple cracks to complex breaks.

Prompt evaluation and treatment by an orthopedic specialist are important to ensure proper healing, restore function, and prevent long-term complications.

What Are Fractures of the Hand and Fingers?

The hand is made up of 27 bones, including the metacarpals (bones in the palm) and phalanges (bones in the fingers). A fracture can occur in any of these bones.

Hand and finger fractures may be:

• Stable or unstable
• Displaced or non-displaced
• Open (bone breaks through the skin) or closed
• Intra-articular (involving a joint)

Because the hand is essential for fine motor skills and strength, proper alignment during healing is critical for restoring normal function. As a result, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are important.

Common Symptoms of Hand and Finger Fractures

Symptoms typically occur immediately after injury and may include:

• Pain at the site of injury
• Swelling and bruising
• Tenderness to touch
• Visible deformity or abnormal positioning
• Difficulty moving the fingers or hand
• Weakness or reduced grip strength

If you experience significant hand pain or notice a deformity after an injury, you should schedule an orthopedic evaluation as soon as possible.

Causes and Risk Factors

Hand and finger fractures usually result from trauma or a forceful impact. Common causes include:

• Falls onto the hand
• Sports injuries (such as punching, catching a ball, or contact sports)
• Motor vehicle accidents
• Direct blows or crush injuries

In addition, certain factors can increase your risk. These include participation in sports, high-impact activities, and occupations that involve manual labor.

An orthopedic specialist at UTHealth Houston can evaluate your injury and recommend the most appropriate treatment.

How Are Hand and Finger Fractures Diagnosed?

Diagnosis begins with a physical examination and a discussion of how the injury occurred. During the evaluation, your orthopedic provider will assess pain, swelling, alignment, and range of motion.

Next, X-rays are typically used to confirm the fracture and determine its location and severity. However, if the fracture is more complex, your provider may recommend additional imaging, such as a CT scan, for a more detailed assessment.

Hand and Finger Fracture Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Treatments

Many hand and finger fractures can heal without surgery, especially when the bones remain stable and well aligned. Depending on the injury, treatment options may include:

• Splinting or casting to immobilize the hand or finger
• Buddy taping for certain finger fractures
• Pain management
• Activity modification during healing
• Follow-up imaging to ensure proper alignment

Surgical Treatment

However, surgery may be recommended if the fracture is displaced, unstable, or involves a joint.

Surgical options may include:

• Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using plates, screws, or pins
• Percutaneous pinning
• External fixation in more severe cases

The goal of surgery is to restore proper alignment, stabilize the fracture, and support optimal recovery and long-term hand function.

When to See an Orthopedic Specialist

You should seek orthopedic care if you experience:

• Persistent or severe hand pain after injury
• Swelling or visible deformity
• Difficulty moving your fingers or hand
• Weakness or loss of function

Most importantly, early treatment can help prevent complications such as stiffness, malunion, or long-term functional limitations.

Expert Orthopedic Care at UTHealth Houston Orthopedics

Our orthopedic hand surgeons can provide comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment, from conservative care to advanced surgical options.

If you’re experiencing hand pain, swelling, deformity, or difficulty using your hand after an injury, you can request an appointment (external link) to receive expert care and lasting relief.