Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)
Tennis elbow, medically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition that causes pain on the outside of the elbow. It occurs due to overuse of the forearm muscles and tendons, leading to inflammation and small tears. While often associated with tennis players, this condition frequently affects individuals who perform repetitive arm and wrist movements. Early evaluation by an orthopedic specialist can help relieve pain and restore function.
What Is Tennis Elbow?
A tennis player experiences outer elbow pain during activity, a common symptom of tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis).
Tennis elbow develops when the tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle—the bony bump on the outside of the elbow—become irritated or damaged. These tendons help extend the wrist and fingers, and repetitive strain can lead to degeneration over time.
Despite its name, most cases are not related to sports but rather everyday activities involving repetitive hand or wrist use.
Common Symptoms of Tennis Elbow
- Pain or burning on the outside of the elbow
- Weak grip strength
- Pain that worsens with lifting, gripping, or twisting motions
- Discomfort when shaking hands or turning a doorknob
- Pain that may radiate down the forearm
Symptoms often develop gradually and can worsen without treatment.
Causes and Risk Factors
Tennis elbow is commonly caused by:
- Repetitive wrist and arm motions
- Overuse from activities like typing, lifting, or tool use
- Sports such as tennis, racquet sports, or weightlifting
- Occupational activities (plumbing, painting, carpentry)
- Poor technique or ergonomics
Adults aged 30 to 50 are most commonly affected, but it can occur at any age.
How is Tennis Elbow Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and review of symptoms. An orthopedic specialist may assess pain with specific movements, grip strength, and elbow tenderness. Imaging, such as X-rays or MRI, may be used in certain cases to rule out other conditions or evaluate tendon damage.
Tennis Elbow Treatment Options
Treatment depends on symptom severity and duration.
Non-Surgical Treatment Options
- Rest and activity modification
- Ice and anti-inflammatory medications
- Bracing or counterforce straps
- Physical or occupational therapy
- Corticosteroid or other therapeutic injections
Surgical Treatment
If symptoms persist despite conservative treatment, surgery may be considered to remove damaged tissue and promote healing. Most procedures are minimally invasive and performed on an outpatient basis.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Most patients improve with non-surgical treatment over time. Physical therapy plays an important role in strengthening the forearm muscles and preventing recurrence. Recovery timelines vary but may take several weeks to months, depending on severity.
When to See an Orthopedic Specialist
You should seek care if elbow pain persists, worsens, or interferes with daily activities such as lifting, gripping, or working. Early treatment can shorten recovery time and prevent chronic tendon damage.
Expert Orthopedic Care at UTHealth Houston Orthopedics
Our orthopedic specialists provide comprehensive care for tennis elbow, offering personalized treatment plans that include conservative therapies and advanced procedures when needed. If you are experiencing elbow pain or weakness, you can request an appointment (external link) for expert evaluation and effective treatment.