Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common orthopedic condition that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and wrist. It occurs when the median nerve becomes compressed as it travels through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway in the wrist made up of bones and ligaments. Early diagnosis and proper treatment from an orthopedic specialist can help relieve symptoms and prevent long-term nerve damage.
What Is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
The carpal tunnel houses the median nerve and several tendons that allow your fingers to bend. When swelling or pressure develops within this space, the median nerve is compressed, leading to carpal tunnel syndrome. This condition often affects people who perform repetitive hand or wrist movements and can worsen over time if left untreated.
Common Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel symptoms often start gradually and may come and go at first. Common signs include:
- Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers
- Wrist or hand pain, especially at night
- Weakness in the hand or difficulty gripping objects
- A sensation of “electric shocks” traveling into the fingers
- Dropping objects due to decreased hand strength
If you are experiencing persistent hand numbness or wrist pain, an evaluation by an orthopedic provider is recommended.
Causes and Risk Factors
Carpal tunnel syndrome can develop for a variety of reasons, including:
- Repetitive hand or wrist motions (typing, assembly work, tool use)
- Prolonged computer or mouse use
- Pregnancy or hormonal changes
- Arthritis or wrist injuries
- Diabetes or thyroid conditions
- Genetics or naturally smaller carpal tunnels
An orthopedic specialist at UTHealth Houston can help identify contributing factors and tailor treatment accordingly.
How Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Is Diagnosed
Diagnosis typically includes a physical examination, a review of symptoms, and possibly diagnostic testing. Orthopedic providers may use nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG) to confirm median nerve compression and determine severity.
Carpal Tunnel Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Treatments
- Wrist splinting, especially at night
- Activity modification and ergonomic adjustments
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Corticosteroid injections to reduce swelling
Surgical Treatment
When conservative treatments fail, carpal tunnel release surgery may be recommended. This minimally invasive procedure relieves pressure on the median nerve and has a high success rate for symptom improvement and long-term relief.
When to See an Orthopedic Specialist
You should seek orthopedic care if symptoms interfere with daily activities, wake you at night, or continue despite home treatment. Early intervention can prevent permanent nerve damage and restore hand function.
Expert Orthopedic Care for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Our orthopedic specialists at UTHealth Houston provide comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome, from conservative care to advanced surgical options. If you’re experiencing wrist pain, hand numbness, or tingling, schedule an appointment to get expert care and lasting relief.