Kyphosis

Kyphosis is a spinal disorder characterized by an excessive outward curvature of the spine, leading to a rounded or hunched back. It can affect any part of the spine but is most commonly associated with the thoracic region. Here are key points about kyphosis:

  • Types:
    • Postural Kyphosis: Typically occurs in adolescents and is related to poor posture.
    • Scheuermann’s Kyphosis: A more rigid form that often develops during adolescence, characterized by wedging of the vertebrae.
    • Congenital Kyphosis: Present at birth due to abnormal vertebral development.
    • Age-Related or Degenerative Kyphosis: Associated with degeneration of the spine, often seen in older adults.
  • Causes:
    • Poor Posture: Prolonged slouching or poor sitting habits.
    • Degenerative Changes: Wear and tear on the spine, leading to compression fractures or other structural issues.
    • Congenital Abnormalities: Irregular vertebral development from birth.
  • Symptoms:
    • Rounded Back: Visible curvature of the upper spine.
    • Back Pain: Discomfort or pain in the affected area.
    • Stiffness: Limited flexibility in the spine.
    • Nerve Impingement: In severe cases, compression of nerves may lead to neurological symptoms.
  • Diagnosis:
    • Physical Examination: Assessment of the spine’s curvature and range of motion.
    • Imaging Studies: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to visualize the spine and identify the degree of curvature.
  • Treatment:
    • Postural Correction: Exercises and physical therapy to improve posture.
    • Bracing: In some cases, especially in adolescents with Scheuermann’s kyphosis, bracing may be recommended.
    • Pain Management: Medications or injections for pain relief.
    • Surgery: In severe cases or when neurological symptoms are present, surgical intervention may be considered to correct the curvature and stabilize the spine.

Kyphosis treatment depends on the underlying cause, the degree of curvature, and the presence of symptoms. Early intervention is crucial to prevent progression and manage associated discomfort. Regular follow-up with healthcare professionals helps monitor the condition and adjust the treatment plan as needed.